The Effect of Niagen on DNA Repair and Metabolism in Tetrahymena thermophila

Abstract

Nicotinamide riboside chloride, branded Niagen, is marketed as an anti-aging supplement due to its ability to serve as a precursor for the essential metabolic coenzyme, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+). Although manufacturers claim that Niagen aids in cellular processes such as DNA repair and energy production, findings from previous research on its cellular mechanism and effectiveness remain inconclusive. In this study, the model organism Tetrahymena thermophila was exposed to a UVC light-induced stressor to assess the effects of Niagen on recovery from DNA damage. Based on previous studies, we hypothesized that T. thermophila treated with Niagen would be better protected against DNA damage, as indicated through changes in behavior and expression of THD10, a gene involved in DNA repair, and PDA1, which plays a role in cellular metabolism. Three experimental groups were established to test this hypothesis, including a control group and two groups of cells that were exposed to UVC light for three periods of 30 minutes over 48 hours. During the UVC treatment period, one of the two groups also received Niagen supplementation. Behavioral assays, consisting of cell counts, motility, and deciliation, were performed to examine recovery from DNA damage, while RT-qPCR was utilized to analyze the expression of THD10 and PDA1. It was predicted that the supplement’s proposed ability to aid in DNA repair and energy production would increase the expression of the THD10 and PDA1 genes. Behavioral changes in Niagen-treated T. thermophila were also predicted, specifically faster re-growth following deciliation, increased motility, and increased cell growth.