Male Fertility and GLP-1 Administration: A Systematic Review

Abstract

Objective: To review the available literature examining the effects of GLP-1 medication on male fertility when compared to other lifestyle or pharmaceutical interventions. Methods: Relevant literature regarding was gathered through Google Scholar, and PubMed in February, 2026, to assess the impact GLP-1 medication may have on male fertility. Nine studies met the inclusion criteria. Results: Most studies found that fertility metrics improve with lowered body fat distribution, and worsen with increased body fat distribution. Body fat loss can be significantly improved with GLP-1. Sperm and human Sertoli cells display GLP-1 receptors and are metabolically influenced by GLP-1 presence. Conclusions: Significant benefits to male fertility have been recorded in obese and overweight individuals with GLP-1 treatment. The effects of GLP-1 and varied metabolism on human Sertoli and sperm cells should be further investigated. Further research is needed before widespread use of GLP-1 for male infertility should be recommended.